Charge-forming device



Aug. 12, 1924. 1,504,554

C. HALLAUER CHARGE FORMING DEVICE Filed July 23. 1923 2 Sheets -Sheet 1 Zlmwntoz I arrlflllaaer C. HALLAUER CHARGE FORMI-NG DEVICE Aug. 7 12 1924.

Filed July 25. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 12, 1924.

UNITED STATES CARL HALLAU ER, OF BlR-AW'LEY, CALIFORNIA.

CHARGE-FORMING DEVICE.

Application filed Ju1y23, 1923. Serial No. 653,229.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that-I, CARL HALLAUER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Brawley, in the county of Imperial and State of California,have invented new and useful Improvements in Charge-Forming "Devices, of which the following is a specification. 4

This invention relates to a device for forming an explosive charge for internal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is to provide a means for regulating the feed of a mixture of fluid hydrocarbon fuel, air and water vapors, tothe intake of an engine.

Another object is to provide a device of the above character which is so constructed that it may be readily operated to vary the relative proportions of fuel and water vapors according to variations in engine speed, and which embodies means whereby volumes-of air at different temperatures may be delivered to a-Qmixingchamber together with the fuel and water vapors in accordance with the engine requirements.

A further objectis to provide an attachment for internal combustion engines which is particularly adapted for use on the en,- gines of tractors and similar heavy duty vehicles in which low grade fuels are employed whereby the fuel is rendered quite thoroughly combustible and at the same time detonating explosion thereof in the engine be obviated thereby effecting a uniform gradual applicationof the expansive power of the exploded'fuel on theengine pistons.

With the foregoing objects in View, together with such other objects and .advantages as may subsequentlyappear, my invention resides in the parts and construction hereinafter described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which V Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the application of theinvention. Fig. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of the regulating. valve and its connections as seen on line 22 of Fig.3. p a Fig.3 is a view in transverse sectionof the regulating valve and its" connections as seen on the line;3'-3 of Fig. 2. g

Fig.4; is a-view in cross section of the regulating valve showingit as disposed'in the starting and idlingposition- Figfi5 is a 'diagramof the regulation valve as extended on a plane to show the relative positions of'the parts as disposed in Fig. 4E. 7 i

Fig. 6 is a sectional View of the valve showing it in a slightly advanced position from that shown in. Fig. l'as when the engine is operated under a light load.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic viewof the valve in' the position shown in Fig. 6. i

Fig. 8 is a; sectional. view showing the valve as disposed in. approximately an intermediate position as when the engine is operating under a moderate load.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of the valve in the position shownin Fig. 8. I

Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the valve showing it in its fully open position as ivheln the engine is operating under full oac.

Referring to the drawings more specifically, 11 indicates an" internal combustion engine fitted with an exhaust manifold 12 and an intake manifold 13. In carrying out my invention I provide'a multiple regulating valve 14 for controlling the feed of air and vapors from a pair of carburetors .15 and 16; the valve being located between the carburetors and the intake manifold, and serving as a throttle. The regulating valve is also adapted to control the delivery of warm air to the air and vapors delivered from the carburetors as will be hereinafter described.

The regulating valve 14: embodies acasing 17 in which is turnably mounted a tapered sleeve valve member 18, which valve member is hollow and is open at its reduced end. The enlarged end of the interiorly of the valve member 18 is a nozzle 26, leading from the-discharge pas: sage, 27 'of-the carburetor-15. The nozzle .26. is formed 3 with an end, Wall28 adjacent whichare side dischar e openings 29 which open to the valve cham er 25. e

The carburetor 15 may be ofany suitable construction pro'vided wiiih an air takeja float chamber 31, a' mixing chamber 32 and a needle valve 33 for regulating the flow of fuel from the float chamberito the mixing chamber 32. A fuel feed pipe 34 communicatedwith the float chamber 31 leads from any suitablesource of fuel sup ply; there being the usual float controlled feed valve (not shown) controlled by a float 35 in the float chamber. Communicating 37, pipe 26, carburetorinlet .30, carburetor mixing chamber '32, carburetor outlet 27,

V and nozzle 26. Theduct 37 has. walls 39 interiorly ofthe' exhaust manifold which will become highly heated on the passage of hot gases through the exhaust manifold so that air passing through the duct 37 will be highly heated and whereby hot air maybe delivered'to the fuelcarburetor 15 and "to the mixing chamber 25 in the regulating valve 14; e p

The. valve casing 17 is formed on its under side with an outlet 40, which communicates with the intake manifold 13 and is formed in its upper wall portion with a warm air inlet opening 41 with which communicates a pipe 42, the outer endof which opens to a heating chamber 43 formed by a'wall 44 extending over the exhaust manifold 12; the wall 44 being here shown as formed integral with the exhaust manifold and extending longitudina'lly thereof withair intake openings 45 at i s G l 1 valve member 18 is formed with an outlet 'p'ort f46 adapted to afford communication betweeuthe chamber 25 and the outlet 40 and to, vary the area of the communication on turning the valve as will be later described} The valve is also formed with an intake port'47 adapted-to be moved in or out'of register with the air inlet opening 41 to open, or close communication between said inlet and the chamber 25, and to regulate the area ofitjhe inlet on turning valve member'1'8. a v r v Thepipe 42 is fitted with a choke valve 48 here-pawn as oftlie'butterfly type by means of whlchthe passage' through the pipe'42 nay beclesed' to cub-eff the air feed to the iaiett ehing 41; I

valvecasing'17 is formed in the side wall pertionfthereof with a cold air inlet opening 49 whichfcommunicat'es with the outlet 50 of th'e carburetor 1B, which car- 'i 'bvided with. the usual air inlet 51 communicating with the mixing chamber 52 in the carburetor, and which carburetor also embodies a float chamber 53 with which connects aw'a'ter feed pipe 54 leading from any suitable source of water supply being here shown as connected to the Water acket of the engine casing. There is a float operated 'valve (not shown) in the carburetor 16 for controlling the water feed thereto actuated bya float 55 in the floatchamber 53 in the usual manner. A needle valve 56 is provided to regulate the feed of water from the float chamber 53 to the mixi'ng chamber as is common in carburetor construction.

, The valve 18 is formed with a port 57 adapted to be moved in or out of register with the cold air inlet opening 49 to open or close the communication between. the cold air inlet and the chamber 25, and to vary the area of said communication. j

The ports 46, 47 and 57 vin the valve member18 are arranged circiunferentially thereof in such relation to the outlet- 40 and inlets 41 and 49 in thevalve casing that when the warm air inlet 41is fullyopened by the port 47- as shown in Figs. 3 and 6 thecoldfa-ir inlet opening 49 will be fullyclosed and the outlet 40 will be partly open; and when th V .valve member 18,is disposed in its fullyoretrac'te'd position the outlet 40 will be nearly closed, the warm air inlet 41 partly. closed, and the coldrair inlet. 49 fully closed, as shown in Figs; ,4 and vWhen the valve member 18 is disposed in'an intermediate advanced position to close the warm air inlet 41 the cold air inlet will be partly open and the communication to the outlet 40 will be enlarged as shown in Figs. 8 and 9. When the valve is disposed in its fully advanced position the cold air inlet opening 49 and the outlet 40 will be wide open'and the warm bur'etor 15 through the feed pipe 26 which air, after a few explosions in'theengine will become highly heatedby the action of the hot exhaust gases p'as'sing through the ex haust V manifold'qThe choke valve48 is then opened which permits theadditiOn of warm air to themixture of: hot air and vapors entering the valve chamber to ren- (let this mixture of, air and fuelmore lean.-

When the engine is to be'operated under alight load thee 01 m of warm air: may be increased whichjvis eifectedby. turning the valve so as to fully open the warm air'inlet to increase the opening of the port 46. and

port 46.

thereby increase the feed of the gases and vapors to the engine and at the same time open the port communicating with the water carburetor 16. When the engine is to be operated at, full load the valve is turned to fully open the port controlling the feed to the engine, and also fully open the port communicating with the water carburetor.

It will be observed that the valve 18 serves as a throttle, as the feed to the engine is controlled by varying the opening of the -In order to effect a more rapid feed to the engine in putting it under moderate load, the port 46 is formed with an enlarged portion which, when the valve is turned to the position shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the opened port area will be rapidly increased. 1

By the arrangement of the ports in the I.

valve relation to the openings in the valve casing as here set forth, the operation of the valve to accelerate or diminish the speed of the engine, the mixtures delivered to the engine will be automatically varied in their proportions and character relative to the engine speed, it being seen that whenthe valve is disposed in operating the engine, under a light load, a lean mixture of the fuel and air delivered to the engine will be effected, and on turning the valve to increase the engine speed, the mixture will become enriched by reason of the warm air intake being restricted. and the feed to the engine enlarged.

In order to obviate the detonation of the charge when the engine is operating under a heavy load water vapors are added by opening the communication to the carburetor 16.

While I have herein described a specific embodiment of my invention and the particular application thereof, I do not limit myself to the exact details of construction and arrangement shown, but may employ such changes and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim 1. In a charge forming device, an intake manifold, a valve formed with a chamber having an outlet adapted on operation of the valve to effect variable communication with the intake manifold, said valve adapted to receive warm air, a mixture of cold air and water, a mixture of hot air and fuel from separate inlets leading to the valve chamber, said inlets and outlets being adapted on operation of said valve to effect variations in the proportions of the warm air, cold air and water mixture, and hot air and fuel mixture received by said chamber.

2. In a charge forming device, an intake manifold, a valve having achamber and an outlet adapted to communicate with said in take manifold, a carburetor, means for delivering a mixture of hot air and fuel from said carburetor to the chamber in the valve, a second carburetor, and means for delivering a mixture of cold air and water vapors from said second carburetor to the valve chamber.

3; In a charge forming device, an intake 'manifold, a valve having achamber provided with an outlet adapted to communicate with sald intake manifold, a carburetor,

.means for delivering a mixture of hot air and fuel vapors from said carburetor to the valve chamber, a second carbureto-r, means for delivering a mixture of cold air and water .vapors from said second carburetor to the valve chamber, and separate, means for delivering warm air to the chamber in the valve, said valve operable to cutoff the warm air feedwhen the cold air and water mixture feed occurs. 1

4:. In a charge forming device, an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, a valve formed with a chamber having an outlet adapted to communicate with the intake manifold, a fuel carburetor having an intake and an outlet, said intake communicating with an air heating duct arranged in said exhaust manifold, a nozzle leading from the carburetor outlet to the chamber in the valve, a second carburetor having an outlet adapted to communicate with the chamber in the valve on operation of the latter and provided with an air inlet, and means for delivering water to said last named carburetor.

5. In a charge forming device, an intake manifold, an exhaust manifold, a valve formed withv a chamber and having an outlet adapted to communicate with the intake manifold, a fuel carburetor having an intake and an outlet, said intake communicating with an air heating duct in said exhaust manifold, a nozzle leading from the carburetor outlet to the valve chamber, a second carburetor having an outlet adapted to communicate with the valve chamber on operation of the latter and provided with an air inlet, meansfor delivering water to said last named carburetor, and means conof air and water to said chamber.

manifold; glvalve casing hagvi g a discharge Oil-61gb c mmunicating with aid mani fbld,

a hbllOW Valve in said Casing ha'vingan outlet "p ori; adaptd to fq m a j ariable c0111- nunica tgio betwge i the interior" Of said valve and the outlet in the valvecjzisihg, a fuel carburetoqa npzzlg congecting withflle V disch rge side of said carburetor afgra'n'ggjd to manifold, zyjalve gasing havi-ng a dischargeoutlet communicating with Said manifold,

a hollow Valve iii said casing having an outlet portra da jgd tp fqrm (a variable communication e'tween the interior of said ranged t0 dischargejnto thejnt e i'iprpf s aid l QC Q Q 'et ommu icatin lth SOuTce's of wat'ejn and airfsiupply, Bald.

,s' i in arburewr-.. yi g n outlet. o

r ll d y sa alve eingad p ed Ito "Q'Qi'ltrol' thqfio'w of a..mixtu i:q,oi3 air and Water v p s to ,thef ht' rior the oi.

In afi ar i f rm ng. d vi e, anjii take manifold, a pain of pa'rbii'i etqi s, ohb'f which is adapt d t 'c liq id fue j i and the Othei bf which is adap'iedjto rgceiyg. water and air, a regulating Valve ihtgrposgd between ,thejntake nrmnifold and said pair of carburetors operable to 'rg ulafic e the deliver p f fuel and a i'r jrom, o e cai bfiretor n W ter 'a r from... his o h r, an m co led y sai alvevfQfd i in'g Warfn air to the intakefmani'fold.

V CARL HALLAbE'ii. 

